ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA: PERSPEKTIF HUMAN INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT (HIM), HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (HRM) DAN HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT (HCM)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61912/jeinsa.v4i1.125Kata Kunci:
Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia; Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia; Manajemen Modal Manusia; Manajemen Investasi Manusia; Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia StrategisAbstrak
Pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM) menjadi faktor strategis dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan keberlanjutan organisasi di era persaingan global. Namun, pendekatan yang parsial dalam pengelolaan SDM sering kali menghambat optimalisasi potensi individu dan organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan SDM melalui tiga perspektif utama, yaitu Human Resource Management (HRM), Human Capital Management (HCM), dan Human Investment Management (HIM). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, yang menelaah berbagai sumber pustaka ilmiah terkait konsep dan praktik pengembangan SDM. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa HRM berfokus pada aspek operasional seperti rekrutmen dan pelatihan, HCM menekankan pada pengelolaan kompetensi sebagai aset strategis, sedangkan HIM melihat SDM sebagai investasi jangka panjang yang membutuhkan perencanaan pengembangan berkelanjutan. Integrasi ketiga perspektif ini memberikan pendekatan yang lebih holistik dalam merancang strategi pengembangan SDM yang efektif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya keseimbangan antara efisiensi operasional, optimalisasi modal manusia, dan orientasi investasi dalam pengelolaan SDM untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi secara berkelanjutan.
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