FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU PEMBIAYAAN HIJAU DI BANK-BANK INDONESIA: BUKTI DARI UKURAN, PROFITABILITAS, DAN KECUKUPAN MODAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61912/jeinsa.v5i1.407Kata Kunci:
Ukuran Bank, Profitabilitas, Kecukupan Modal, Pembiayaan HijauAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ukuran bank, profitabilitas, dan kecukupan modal terhadap volume pembiayaan hijau pada perusahaan perbankan di Indonesia. Pembiayaan hijau memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung transisi menuju ekonomi berkelanjutan. Namun, faktor internal bank yang mendorong alokasinya masih memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dari laporan keuangan dan laporan keberlanjutan bank-bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2020–2024. Melalui purposive sampling, delapan bank dipilih sebagai sampel berdasarkan kriteria kelengkapan data, sehingga diperoleh total 40 observasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan model random effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran bank dan profitabilitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap volume pembiayaan hijau. Sebaliknya, kecukupan modal tidak terbukti memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa bank besar dan bank dengan profitabilitas tinggi cenderung lebih aktif dalam menyalurkan pembiayaan hijau, sementara tingkat rasio modal belum menjadi determinan utama dalam alokasi kredit hijau di Indonesia. Ukuran bank dan profitabilitas merupakan pendorong utama pembiayaan hijau di sektor perbankan Indonesia, sedangkan kecukupan modal belum berperan signifikan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar regulator memperkuat mekanisme insentif yang menghubungkan kecukupan modal dengan kinerja pembiayaan hijau, serta mendorong bank untuk mengintegrasikan strategi keberlanjutan ke dalam alokasi modal secara lebih terstruktur.
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