JEINSA: Jurnal Ekonomi Ichsan Sidenreng Rappang is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that published articles may occasionally require corrections or, in serious cases, retraction to ensure that the academic community has access to reliable research findings.

JEINSA handles corrections and retractions carefully, objectively, and transparently, in accordance with recognized publication ethics principles. Decisions are based on the nature and seriousness of the identified issue, the available evidence, and its potential impact on the reliability of the published work.

1. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article and the error can be rectified without requiring the article to be retracted.

Corrections may concern, but are not limited to:

• Errors in data, calculations, tables, figures, or supplementary materials that do not invalidate the principal findings.

• Incorrect author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or funding information.

• Typographical or editorial errors that materially affect the interpretation of the article.

• Incorrect references, citations, or other published information requiring formal clarification.

• Other inaccuracies that could mislead readers but do not undermine the overall validity of the research.

Requests for correction may be submitted by authors, readers, editors, or other individuals who identify a verifiable error. Requests must clearly identify the published article, describe the error, provide supporting evidence where available, and propose an appropriate correction.

The editorial team will assess each request and may consult the authors, reviewers, or relevant experts when necessary. If a correction is justified, JEINSA will publish a clearly identified correction notice linked to the original article.

The correction notice will describe the error and the changes made, as appropriate. The original article will remain accessible, with a clear link to the correction notice, in order to preserve the publication record.

2. Retraction

Retraction is a formal mechanism used to correct the scholarly record when a published article is found to contain serious problems that substantially undermine its reliability or when significant ethical violations warrant removal of the article's status as reliable research.

Grounds for retraction may include:

• Proven fabrication or falsification of research data.

• Plagiarism or substantial unattributed appropriation of another person's work.

• Duplicate or redundant publication that significantly compromises the publication record.

• Serious errors in data, methods, analysis, or interpretation that render the findings unreliable.

• Unethical research practices or serious violations of research ethics.

• Improper authorship or other publication misconduct when the circumstances substantially affect the integrity of the publication.

• Manipulation of the peer-review or publication process.

• Other substantiated circumstances that seriously compromise the integrity or reliability of the published article.

Retraction will not be used solely to resolve a disagreement over scholarly interpretation or because authors disagree with subsequent criticism of their work. The decision must be proportionate to the evidence and the seriousness of the problem.

3. Retraction Procedure

When a potential reason for retraction is identified, JEINSA will follow a fair and documented procedure:

Step 1: Identification of the concern. Concerns may be raised by authors, readers, reviewers, editors, institutions, or other parties. The editorial team will record the allegation and the available supporting information.

Step 2: Preliminary assessment. The editor will assess whether the concern is credible and sufficiently serious to warrant further investigation.

Step 3: Communication with the authors. Where appropriate, the corresponding author and other relevant authors will be informed of the concern and given a reasonable opportunity to provide an explanation or supporting evidence.

Step 4: Further investigation. The editorial team may consult independent experts, reviewers, research institutions, or other relevant parties when additional evidence is required. The journal will not make findings of misconduct solely on the basis of an unsupported allegation.

Step 5: Editorial decision. Based on the evidence, the Editor-in-Chief or an authorized independent editor will determine whether a correction, expression of concern, retraction, or other action is appropriate.

Step 6: Publication of the notice. If retraction is warranted, JEINSA will publish a retraction notice explaining the reason for the action in sufficient detail, subject to applicable privacy and legal considerations.

4. Retraction Notice and Article Visibility

A retraction notice will be clearly identified and linked to the original article. Where technically possible, the notice and the article will be linked in both directions.

The retraction notice should include:

• The title and authors of the affected article.

• The original publication details and DOI, where available.

• The reason for the retraction, described clearly and accurately.

• The party or parties initiating the retraction, where appropriate.

• The date of the retraction.

• A statement indicating whether the retraction was initiated by the authors, the editor, the publisher, or another responsible party, as applicable.

The original article will generally remain accessible to preserve the scholarly record, but it will be clearly marked as retracted. The journal will not silently remove or alter a published article to conceal a retraction, except where removal is required by law, a legitimate safety concern, or another exceptional circumstance.

5. Expression of Concern

When a credible concern has been raised but the available evidence is insufficient to reach a final decision, JEINSA may publish an Expression of Concern.

An Expression of Concern informs readers that a published article is under investigation or that significant questions remain unresolved. It may be issued while the journal awaits additional information from authors, institutions, or other relevant parties.

The journal will review the matter as further evidence becomes available and determine whether the appropriate subsequent action is no further action, a correction, or retraction.

6. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors are expected to notify the editorial office promptly if they discover a material error in their published work. They should provide a clear explanation of the problem and cooperate with the journal in evaluating the matter.

If authors disagree with a proposed correction or retraction, they may submit a reasoned response supported by evidence. The journal will consider that response fairly before reaching its decision.

Authors must not attempt to conceal significant errors, manipulate the publication record, or obstruct a legitimate investigation into the reliability or integrity of their work.

7. Editorial Independence and Fairness

JEINSA will handle correction and retraction cases objectively, impartially, and confidentially where appropriate. Decisions will be based on verifiable evidence and the potential effect of the issue on the scholarly record.

The journal will provide relevant parties with a reasonable opportunity to respond, manage conflicts of interest, and document the basis for its decisions. Where necessary, JEINSA may seek advice from independent experts or the relevant research institution.

A retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record and protect readers; it should not be interpreted automatically as a definitive finding of misconduct by every author involved.

8. Publication Ethics and Transparency

JEINSA follows recognized publication ethics principles and may refer to guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

The journal aims to ensure that all editorial actions are proportionate, transparent, properly documented, and communicated to readers. Published notices will be linked to the affected article whenever possible, and the status of the article will be clearly indicated in the journal's online publication system.

9. Final Policy Statement

JEINSA is committed to preserving the credibility of scholarly communication and maintaining a trustworthy publication record. Corrections and retractions will be implemented when justified by the available evidence and in accordance with the journal's editorial policies and recognized publication ethics standards.

Through this policy, JEINSA seeks to promote accountability, research integrity, and public confidence in published scholarship in economics, management, accounting, business, and related disciplines.